Irish Lesson 35 PRONUNCIATION Read the passage in the next paragraph slowly without looking at the key below it. Then read it a second time, making use of the key if you are unsure. Do not try to make sense out of the words; merely concentrate on the pronunciation: Tá sé socraithe agam airgead a iarraidh ón bhfear a thug córas ceoil dom. Nuair a bhí rogha le déanamh, dúirt daoine eile gur chaith siad lón le Gréagaigh cheartradharcacha. I ngach uile cheann, déarfar gur chuir cairde dílse go fóill go bhfuil an méid sin aicme agus dreamanna éagsúla ann nach aon mhaith a bheith a mealladh sa Taispeántas Ealaíne. Key: taw* shay* SOHK-ruh-he uh-GUHM AR-i-guhd uh EER-ee ohn VAR uh hug KOH-ruhs KYOH-il duhm. NOO-ir uh vee ROU-uh le DAY*N-uhv, DOO-irt DEEN-uh EL-e gur k*ah SHEE-uhd lohn le GRAY*-gee hyart-REYE-uhr-KAHK*-uh. ing AHK* IL-e hyoun, DYAY*R-fuhr gur k*ir KAHR-de DEEL-she goh FOH-il goh vwil un may*d shin AK-me AH-gus DRAM-un-nuh ay*g-sool-uh oun nahk* ay*n vwah uh ve uh MYAL-uh suh tash-PAW*N-tuhs AH-leen-e. GRAMMAR The Irish word for "on" is "ar" (er). It usually aspirates the initial consonant of the next word, although there are many exceptions to this, as you will see. Here are examples of usage of "ar": ar Shéamas (er HAY*-muhs), on James ar charr (er K*AHR), on a car ar mo charr (er muh K*AHR), on my car ar an gcarr, on the car féach ar an mbean (FAY*-uhk* er un MAN), look at the woman In many common expressions, there is no aspiration of the following consonant: ar buile (er BWIL-e), angry ar crocadh (er KROHK*-uh), hanging ar díol (er DEE-uhl), for sale ar ball (er BOUL), presently Like "ag" and "le", the preposition "ar" joins with "mé, tú, sé", etc, to form words meaning "on me, on you, on him", etc. Learn these forms thoroughly now, to be ready for the Drill below. orm (OH-rum), on me ort (OH-ruht), on you air (er), on him uirthí (IR-ee), on her orainn (OH-rin), on us oraibh (OH-riv), on you (pl) orthu (OHR-huh), on them An important use for "ar" is in such expressions as "I am angry" or "he is afraid". In Irish, these can become "Tá fearg orm" (taw* FAR-uhg OH-ruhm), there is anger on me; and "Tá eagla air" (taw* AH-gluh er), there is fear on him. Often sickness, too, is "on" a person, in sentences such as "Tá slaghdán uirthi" (taw* sleye-DAY*N IR-ee) there is a cold on her. VOCABULARY Masculine nouns mac (mahk), son áthas, an t-áthas (AW*-huhs, un TAW*-huhs), joy, happiness brón (brohn), sorrow ocras, an t-ocras (OHK-ruhs, un TOHK-ruhs), hunger tart (TAHR-ruht), thirst amhras, an t-amhras (OU-ruhs, un TOU-ruhs), doubt ionadh, an t-ionadh (OON-uh, an TOON-uh), surprise Feminine nouns eagla, an eagla (AH-gluh), fear fearg, an fhearg (FAR-ruhg, un AR-ruhg), anger náire (NAW*-re), shame imní, an imní (IM-nee), anxiety iníon, an iníon (in-EEN, un in-EEN), daughter mínigh, ag míniú (uh MEEN-yoo), explain mhíníomar (veen-EE-uh-muhr), we explained cleacht, ag cleachtadh (klak*t, uh KLAK*-tuh), practice glaoigh, ag glaoch (GLAY*-ee, uh GLAY*-uhk) ar (er), call on, telephone anocht (uh-NOHK*T), tonight aréir (uh-RAY*R), last night anuraidh (un-NOOR-ree), last year DRILL Go through a progressive drill with "ar" and the pronouns, starting with: An bhfuil áthas orm? Níl áthas orm. Tá áthas ort. An bhfuil áthas ort? Níl áthas ort. Tá áthas air. An bhfuil áthas air? etc. Your last sentence will be: Tá áthas orm. Repeat the progressive drill with as many of these words as possible: brón, fearg, eagla, ocras, tart, náire, imní, amhras, ionadh. "Cad tá air?" (kahd taw* er) means "What's wrong with him?" Aks this question and then answer it with some of the vocabulary words. For example: Cad tá air? Tá brón air. Make use of "Cad tá ort? Cad tá oraibh?" etc. CONVERSATION Sinéad (shin-AY*D): Dia duit, a Réamoinn. Réamonn (RAY*-mohn): Dia's Muire duit, a Shinéad. Conas tá tú? Sineád: Ó, tá slaghdán orm. Bhí mé istigh an lá go léir inné. Réamonn: Tá brón orm é sin a chloisteáil (K*LISH-taw*-il). Glaoigh (GLAY*-ee) mé ort timpeall (TIM-puhl) a deich a chlog, ach ní bhfuair (VOO-ir) mé freagra ar bith (FRAG-ruh er BI). Sinéad: Chula mé (K*OO-uh-luh may*) an teileafón (TEL-e-fohn), agus ní raibh áthas orm ar chor ar bith é a chloisteáil. Réamonn: Níl ionadh ar bith orm. Féach! Tá dochtúir ag teacht! Janet: Hello, Raymond. Raymond: Hello, Janet. How are you? Janet: Oh, I have a cold. I was inside all day yesterday. Raymond: I'm sorry to hear that. I called you around ten, but I got no answer at all. Janet: I heard the phone, and I wasn't happy at all to hear it. Raymond: I'm not at all surprised. Look! A doctor's coming! (c) 1997 The Irish People. May be reprinted with credit.